The impact of the boko haram insurgency in northeast nigeria. This comprehensive report examines boko haram s extremist rhetoric, leadership, and history of violent activities. We shall blend the intractable conflict and instrumental theory of. Even before the boko haram insurgency, northeastern nigeria had the lowest.
The boko haram fundamentalist islamic group is the first insurgent organization in nigeria to be classified as a terrorist organization by the united states of america and its allies. Others see the boko haram as freedom fighters from the perspective of their frequent prison breaks and freeing of inmates. Haram, its causes, recruitment, ideology, area of operation and the ways through which the problem can be solved. Its stated goal is to overthrow the secular government of nigeria and replace it with an islamic system.
This research analyzed the causes and effects of boko haram insurgency in northeast nigeria. Overview of the boko haram sect viewed critically, boko haram is a radical, revolutionary islamic movement that is questioning orthodox political and economic traditions in nigeria, but which is most pronounced in the north east part of nigeria. The boko haram debacle in nigeria ogege sam omadjohwoefe ph. The use of women and children in suicide bombing by the. The boko haram insurgency began in 2009, when the jihadist group boko haram started an armed rebellion against the government of nigeria. Psychological consequences of the boko haram insurgency. It is responsible not only for a regional food crisis that has devolved into famine in some areas, but also the displacement of millions and the deaths of tens of thousands of people. Since 2009 the group has carried out largescale acts of violence. The end of 2011 general election in nigeria results to mass recognition of another set of militant popularly called boko haram. Public opinion on the root causes of terrorism and objectives of.
Boko haram sect as a domestic terrorist organisation. Examining the boko haram insurgency in northern nigeria and the quest for a permanent resolution of the crisis joseph olukayode akinbi ph. This view supported the work of wicker 1975, who observed that injustice, inequality and dehumanisation bred the crisis of yusuffiya boko haram insurgency which nigeria is facing today. The impact of the boko haram insurgency in northeast nigeria on. Nov 11, 2014 boko haram is an islamist extremist group responsible for dozens of massacres of civilians and the abduction of more than 500 women and girls in its fiveyear insurgency in nigeria when a. Boko haram follows a purely military insurgency model and currently has no political front. The insurgency of boko haram, which started as a weak, disorganised, loosely coordinated and inchoate movement, mutated to pose serious threats to national security. Below is the most comprehensive history of boko haram insurgency in nigeria starting from the first attack in 2009 till date.
Introduction nigeria is a rich country in both human and. Separated from husbands and sons conscripted or killed by boko haram or arrested by security forces, many women are now fully. Nigeria, making many of them to abandon their jobs and even the entire region. The team comprises professionals and consultants from different fields of human endeavour. Since 2009, the boko haram insurgency and the governments military response have killed tens of thousands of civilians and displaced millions across the lake chad region, which straddles cameroon, chad, niger, and nigeria. In 20, the nigerian military intensified its campaign against boko haram. Mar 30, 2018 former governor of cross river state, mr. Boko haram follows a purely military insurgency model and.
This study examined the counselling implications of boko haram terrorism and insurgency in institutions of learning in nigeria. Explaining boko haram, nigerias islamist insurgency the. Emergence of boko haram, causes, impacts of boko haram 1. Boko haram insurgency and the counterterrorism policy in. The niger delta militancy and boko haram insurgency pose the greatest security threat to nigeria since the end of the civil war in 1970. It is against this backdrop, that this study attempts to investigate the effects of boko haram insurgency on the nigerian education system. In nigeria, boko haram wa s responsible for more than 80 percent of all terrorist attacks between 1970 and 201 3 for which a perpetrator group was identified, despite their relatively recent onset of violence in 2009.
Terrorism has taken a new and frightening dimension in nigeria. In 2015 the group began calling itself islamic state in west africa. The psychological trauma inflicted by boko haram insurgency in the north eastern nigeria article pdf available in aggression and violent behavior 36 july 2017 with 3,160 reads. Infoguide nigeria is a multiauthor blog in nigeria founded by ifiokobong ibanga.
B 1 abraka, nigeria abstract the paper examines insecurity and sustainable development in nigeria with special emphasis on the boko haram insurgency. Jamaatu ahlis sunna liddaawati waljihad, better known as boko haram, is the most violent phenomenon of the nigerian fourth republic. Second, there was a need to understand the psychological impacts of the boko. Troops crushe d the rebellion, killing hundreds of followers and destroying the groups principal mosque. Effects of boko haram insurgency on the socioeconomic. D department of history, adeyemi federal university of education p. Nigerias herdsmenfarmers conflict six times deadlier than. The conflict takes place within the context of longstanding issues of religious violence between nigeria s muslim and christian communities, and the insurgents ultimate aim is to establish an islamic state. Nigerian state, national security, insurgency, boko haram.
A sample size of 150 counsellors was used for the study. Islamiyya, or islamic state, in northeastern nigeria. Pdf boko haram insurgency in nigeria as a symptom of poverty. Conflicts in africa with specific reference to the boko haram insurgency in nigeria. Corruption and escalating bokoharam insurgency in nigeria.
For years, boko haram has been conducting a lethal jihadist insurgency in the countrys north to drive out government forces and establish an islamic state. A heavyhanded or solely military response will not bring peace and may be counterproductive. Nigerias battle with boko haram council on foreign. In recommendation, government supposed to formulate a policy towards the solution.
Boko haram and the nigerian insurgency kindle edition by mcnamara, brendan, milliken, ryan, chatt, allen, procknow, evan, mcnamara, brendan, plaster, graham. Introduction nigeria is a rich country in both human and natural resources and it has the vision of. Analysis of cause and effect of boko haram insurgency in. Since 2009, boko haram has transformed itself from a cultlike religious movement into a revolutionary insurgent organization. Nov 24, 2016 nigeria s militant islamist group boko haram which has caused havoc in africas most populous country through a wave of bombings, assassinations and abductions is fighting to overthrow the. The paper is descriptive and the materials obtained from. The boko haram insurgency is both a national and international problem.
The impact of boko haram insurgency on nigerian national. Pdf prolongation of boko haram insurgency in nigeria. Nigeria and the lake chad region beyond boko haram policy. Pdf boko haram insurgency in nigeria as a symptom of. These set of militant during the cause of prosecuting their objective have destroyed properties worth billions of naira. Hence, this study explored the psychological impacts of boko haram terrorism on nigerian children. Women and the boko haram insurgency crisis group africa report n242, 5 december 2016 page ii in government camps where food is scarce and healthcare dismal. The fourth part looked into the humanitarian crisis that was created in the north east region of nigeria as a result of the violence by the boko haram group. After years of tension and a series of minor incidents, things finally exploded in july 2009 when a prominent member of boko haram died, and a large number of them were on the way to bury him. This article places both rebellions in comparative perspective. It has made frontpage news worldwide through its abductions of schoolgirls and claimed affiliation to terrorist the islamic state. The lake chad oil and gas connection volume issue 1 j. Its main rhetoric and operations have been against the corrupt government of nigeria, but it has also attacked.
The boko haram insurgency first appeared in maiduguri in borno state, northeast nigeria around 2002. Since 2009 the violence the group has unleashed on the nigerian state is unprecedented in the history of insurgency in the country. Its implication and way forwards toward avoidance of future insurgency olaide ismail aro abstract the end of 2011 general election in nigeria results to mass recognition of another set of militant popularly called boko haram. The media and boko haram insurgency in nigeria a content. This study adopts poverty theory to examine the threat of boko haram insurgency on nigerian national security. Use features like bookmarks, note taking and highlighting while reading boko haram and the nigerian insurgency. Boko haram insurgency and national security in nigeria. Nigeria s ambassador to the us professor adebowale adefuye stated, classifying boko haram as a fto would only advance boko haram s aspirations. Recognition by a sovereign the size and stature of the us would give them the title they seek and status they desire. Academic writeups in journals, magazines, newspapers, periodicals, reading manuals as well as internet based information provided the data utilized in this research.
Historical evoulution of boko haram the history and development of boko haram insurgents group in north eastern nigeria can be divided into two phase. Boko haram boko haram, officially jamaatu ahlis sunna liddaawati waljihad can be translated as people committed to the propagation of the prophets teachings and jihad is a religious sect operating in mostly northeastern regions of nigeria, with recent significant. The groups objective was to establish an islamic state and institutionalize sharia law in nigeria, particularly the northeast region. On 2 april, a boko haram attack on the outskirts of maiduguri resulted in the death of 18 people and another 84 wounded. Boko haram and its impact free download as pdf file. The experiences of women and girls in the north east are analyzed in this report, in order to inform interventions to better alleviate their suffering, facilitate their contribution to lasting peace and mitigate the threat from female boko haram members. Jul 27, 2018 lagos, nigeria cnn escalating conflict between herdsmen and farmers in nigeria is six times deadlier than boko haramrelated attacks this year, posing a great threat to the countrys stability. Boko haram, islamic sectarian movement founded in 2002 in northeastern nigeria. According to liolio 20, the successful recruitment of the people into the group. At about age eighteen, he moved to kano, in what is today northern nigeria, and. Timeline of boko haram insurgency in nigeria from 2009.
The boko haram insurgency in nigeria opposed nigerias secular state, which it considered corrupt and unislamic. Jun 29, 2015 while nigerias new president muhammadu buhari has promised to promote economic development and address other causes of instability in the countrys north, the official approach to tackling the boko haram insurgency will continue to be heavily militarized. This book focuses on boko haram and terrorism in nigeria, framing the conflict in. Boko haram is an isisaligned jihadist group based in nigeria. A case study of boko haram 3 abstract the issue of boko haram in nigeria has become a threat to both internal and international security with evergrowing violence and attacks on security forces, civilians, churches, media houses. Boko haram emerged as an independent group in nigeria in the early 2000s and has since begun an insurgency, primarily operating in the northeastern region of nigeria and increasingly further south and across the countrys borders. Jan 24, 2018 this study aimed to estimate the effect of the boko haram insurgency in northeast nigeria on childhood wasting. Likewise, deaths from boko harams attacks represented nearly 70 percent of all fatalities from terrorist attacks in nigeria. Visualization of common trends from 1990 through 20 showed that wasting is plausibly linked to the insurgency, thus justifying the use of a doubledifference methodology. D department of sociology faculty of the social sciences delta state university, p.
Hence, the aim of this paper is to appraise this insurgency group called boko haram and examine how it affects our national security. Pdf the psychological trauma inflicted by boko haram. Nigeria and boko haram violent activities, with focus on years of 20022016, when boko haram was operatively active. Pdf boko haram insurgency has constituted a nagging predicament to the nigerian state since its resurgence in 2010. It was discovered among other revelations that the incidence of boko haram. The manifestation is the incessant use of women and children in suicide bombing by the boko haram terrorist group. Many now survive in displaced camps such as this one at the unfinished.
Boko haram islamists, which has run riot for almost a decade in the northeast stronghold have displaced more than 3 million persons across the nigeria and have rendered about threehundred. There is no military solution to this insurgency, and the authorities should instead put the emphasis on demobilising militants, solving local conflicts, reinvigorating the economy and restoring public services. Some nigerians have reasons to believe that boko haram is an offshoot of maitatsine an islamist sect which wielded dominance in northern nigerian states of kano, bauchi presentday gombe and maiduguri in. Insurgency and national security challenges in nigeria. The return to democracy in nigeria in may, 1999 brought hopes of development and political stability to nigeria. The last decade in nigeria has experienced an increase in violent conflicts and criminality, which tended to undermine those expectations. The impact of the boko haram insurgency in northeast. Boko haram kidnapped 110 schoolgirls from the government technical girls college in dapchi, yobe, on 19 february 2018.
Boko haram activities in the northeast of nigeria have created a. As one of the few organisations with fieldbased expertise in the greater sahel and on all four countries caught up in the insurgency cameroon, chad, niger and nigeria crisis group is well placed to analyse boko haram s activities and impact. These set of militant during the cause of prosecuting. An insurgency led by the islamist group has claimed tens of thousands of lives and displaced millions more in recent years. This study aimed to estimate the effect of the boko haram insurgency in northeast nigeria on childhood wasting. The movement is unique in that it combines a sectarian, radical islamic agenda with violence. Researchers have conducted numerous studies analyzing the causes of the insurgency. The struggle against boko haram in southeastern niger is increasingly sharpening local conflicts over access to resources. This paper studies the impact of terrorism as championed by boko haram, on sustainable national development in nigeria. Nigeria and the lake chad region beyond boko haram i slamist insurgency boko haram has beset north eastern nigeria and the lake chad region over the past eight years and caused more than 20,000 deaths. Ladanbaki nigerian turkish nile university, abuja, nigeria abstract one of the greatest challenges facing the nigerian state is known to be the issue of insurgency predominantly in the north eastern part of the country. The boko haram has come to violently coexist with the people as a consequence of the.
As one of the few organisations with fieldbased expertise in the greater sahel and on all four countries caught up in the insurgency cameroon, chad, niger and nigeria crisis group is well placed to analyse boko harams activities and impact. It has become increasingly violent and is copying the tactics of other islamist insurgency groups. Donald duke, yesterday, said that what nigeria has lost to the boko haram insurgency, in the last seven years of its menace, is far more than what was. Boko haram reportedly released all but one of the girls by 21 march.
Boko haram s story begins with a preacher named mohammed marwa, born in 1927. The state of insecurity engendered by boko haram insurgency in nigeria. Although the ongoing terrorism of boko haram in northern nigeria has elicited. The foreigners who came to invest were not spared as well and properties worth billions of naira have been destroyed. The challenges posed by boko haram sect on the security of lives and property in nigeria and the implications on corporate existence of nigeria as well as its image internationally motivate this study. Stabilizing northeast nigeria after boko haram carnegie. Pdf it is almost three years ago that a group of northern nigerian militants that transformed from political brigandage declared a war on the country. Relations with the islamic world analysis paper no. It shows how the boko haram insurgency has resulted in a dire humanitarian situation.
Effects of boko haram insurgency on the socioeconomic development in nigeria joseph okwesili nkwede a, emmanuel ogbonna abah b, oliver uchenna nwankwo c a,c department of political science, faculty of social sciences and humanities. Some two million people have been uprooted from their homes since the boko haram insurgency in nigeria started 10 years ago. Pdf boko haram insurgency, internally displaced persons and. Download it once and read it on your kindle device, pc, phones or tablets. Of particular concern are the growing sophisticated arms and weapons used by boko haram fighters in recent attacks, as shown in the seizures made by state security forces in northern nigeria. According to liolio 20, the successful recruitment of. The impact of boko haram insurgency on nigerian national security. Boko haram, threat, insurgents, national security, dreaded sect, nigeria.